ABSTRACT
Background and Aim: Regarding the widespread use of silver nanoparticles in medecine and lack of a detailed study of toxicity effects of these particles on fetus, this study was carried out to investigate histopathological changes of the kidneys and also embryonic development following exposure to silver nanoparticles
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, thirty five female NMRI mice were randomly divided into five equal groups; i.e. one control group and four experimental groups. The experimental groups intraperitoneally [IP] received silver nanoparticles at concentrations of 50, 100, 200 and 400 mg/ kg . .every other day. On the 17th day of pregnancy, the mice were dissected and their kidneys and embryos tissues were separated and stained with hematoxylin and eosin for histopathological examinations. Finally, the obtained data was fed into SPSS software [V:16] using statistical tests including Kolmogrof-Smearnof, oneway variance analysis, Dante, Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis; and P<0.05 was taken as the significant level
Results: Histopathological assessment of kidney tissue following IP administration of silver nanoparticle indicated pathological changes including congestion, necrosis, inflammatory cell infiltration, vacuolar degeneration compared to the control group. Our findings showed that silver nanoparticles during the gestation period affects fetal organogenesis, evolution of neural structure, liver lobulation and fetal growth retardation. Mean number of somites in groups receiving doses of 200 and 400 mg kg, . significantly reduced compared to the control group [P<0.05]
Conclusion: The obtained results suggest that passing of silver nanoparticles through placenta is possible and damage caused by the particles could lead to the deformity or developmental retardation of the fetus
ABSTRACT
There is a wide application of titanium dioxide [TiO[2]] nanoparticles [NPs] in industry. These particles are used in various products, and they also has biological effects on cells and organs through direct contact. In this experimental research, the effect of TiO[2] on chondrogenesis of forelimb buds of mice embryos was assessed in in vivo condition. Concentrations of 30, 150 and 500 mg/kg body weight [BW] TiO[2] NPs [20 nm size] dissolved in distilled water were injected intraperitoneally to Naval Medical Research Institute [NMRI] mice on day 11.5 of gestation. On day 15, limb buds were amputated from the embryos and skeletogeneis of limb buds were studied. TiO[2] NPs caused the significant changes in chondrocytes in the following developmental stages: resting, proliferating, hypertrophy, degenerating, perichondrium and mesenchymal cells. Decreased number of mesenchymal cells and increased level of chondrocytes were observed after the injection of different concentrations of TiO[2], which proves the unpredictable effects of TiO[2] on limb buds. Results of the present study showed TiO[2] NPs accelerated the chondrogenesis of limb buds, but further studies are recommended to predict TiO[2] toxicity effects on organogenesis